Spring Washer

A spring washer (also known as a split washer or lock washer) is a type of washer used primarily to prevent the loosening of fasteners due to vibration or rotational forces. It is designed with a split or spiral shape, which creates tension when compressed. This tension helps the washer to "bite" into the surface of the fastener and the material it is mounted on, increasing friction and preventing the fastener from loosening.

Key Features:

1. 
   

   Shape: Spring washers are usually split or have a helical, spiral shape, which provides the spring action needed to resist loosening.

   
   


2. 
   

   Material: These washers are typically made from stainless steel, carbon steel, or spring steel to provide the necessary flexibility and strength for the spring action.

   
   


3. 
   

   Size: Spring washers come in various sizes, just like regular washers, and their internal diameter (ID) matches the size of the bolt or screw they are meant to secure.

   
   

Function:

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  Prevents Loosening: The main purpose of a spring washer is to prevent bolts and nuts from loosening under vibrations or rotational forces.

  
  


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  Absorbs Shock: They act as a shock absorber, absorbing vibrations that might otherwise cause a fastener to lose its tightness.

  
  


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  Adds Tension: When compressed between the nut or bolt and the surface, the spring washer exerts a constant force, helping to maintain a secure connection.

  
  

Types of Spring Washers:

1. 
   

   Split (or Helical) Spring Washer: The most common type, with a split spiral design.

   
   


2. 
   

   Wave Washer: A type of spring washer that has a series of waves or undulations to provide compression and resistance.

   
   


3. 
   

   Conical (Belleville) Washer: A disc-shaped washer with a slight conical shape, used in high-pressure or high-temperature applications.

   
   


4. 
   

   Lock Washer: These are similar to spring washers but often have additional features like teeth to dig into the surface for extra security.

   
   

Common Applications:

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  Automotive: To secure bolts and prevent loosening due to engine vibrations.

  
  


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  Machinery: Used in equipment or assemblies with moving parts to prevent fastener loosening.

  
  


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  Electronics: In devices that experience vibrations, spring washers help secure components.

  
  

Size and Weight Considerations:

 

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  Size: Like regular washers, the size of a spring washer is determined by the diameter of the fastener it fits (e.g., M6, M10, M12), as well as the thickness and outer diameter, which affect the amount of tension the washer can provide.

  
  


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  Weight: The weight of a spring washer will depend on the material, size, and thickness. Typically, they are lightweight but strong enough to perform their function effectively